Most large southern plantations were located in the United States Upper South, which includes Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Arkansas, Kentucky, and Tennessee, and the Deep South, which includes South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi. it is clear that they are indeed antebellum. These steps of boiling took place in series of large to small open kettles, often referred to as a Jamaica train. The most skilled slaves were chosen for the dangerous job of working close to the open kettles during the boiling process. The site, which has 37 buildings on the National Register of Historic Places, is the only one in the South with intact plantation buildings. This plantation was abandoned in the 1930s due to the Depression, but it has since been restored and is now a sugar cane plantation. According to Joseph McGill, this is the largest collection of slave dwellings in the world. The carts traveled to the cane mill for processing. Search the Preservation in Print archives. There are only a few plantations in the South that are as intact as the Evergreen Plantation, with 37 buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including 22 slave cabins. Census data compiled between 1810 and 1864 relate that slaves in Louisiana resided in a variety of household types, including single families, extended families, multiple families, co-resident siblings, relatives, unrelated individuals, and single solitary males and females. Some noteworthy original features, such as chimneys, shutters, EVERGREEN PLANTATION - 166 Photos & 80 Reviews - Landmarks & Historical Buildings - 4677 Hwy 18, Edgard, LA - Phone Number - Yelp Evergreen Plantation 80 reviews Unclaimed Frequently Asked Questions about Evergreen Plantation How is Evergreen Plantation rated? No longer anonymous, the men, women, and children who called Evergreen Plantation home provide a window to the past and enhance the historical narrative. The original structures where enslaved people lived can still be found on the property. Some could trace their ancestry back multiple generations to the first slaves brought to the plantation. The documents used to create this database include estate inventories, succession records, and bills of sale as well as sacramental records from the Archdiocese of New Orleans recording baptisms and funerals. After years of in-depth research, Evergreens historians have amassed a vast collection of primary source documents that shed light on the individuals who were purchased and brought there to labor in the sugar cane fields as well as those who were born into slavery in the cabins that still stand today, a press release said. Itinerary Home | List Timeline. Unpacking the history of the largest plantation in the southern US, and its people. His son, Julius Richard, was born here on September 11, 1929; the family later added a second floor made of wood. Shirley is also the oldest family-owned business in North America, having been in business since 1638, when Edward Hill I began farming in Charles City along the James River. Slave quarters were frequently the site of plantation homes, and their owners relied on the labor of enslaved people to turn their properties into profitable businesses. African Americans were the majority owners and operators of the plantation during its earliest days in the 1790s. is the Mississippi River Commission map of 1876, which shows 22 cabins When Drausin Becnel and Emelie Brou first began their relationship, they caused a sensation in the community. Tobacco was once produced on the plantation in Charles City County, Virginia, and shipped throughout the colonies to England. The plantation was originally used for growing indigo, but later switched to sugarcane when the demand for indigo declined. The granulated, raw (unrefined) sugar produced from the crystallization process was packed into hogsheads, wooden barrels that held roughly 1000 pounds of granulated sugar. There are 37 structures still listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Evergreen Plantation has 4.5 stars. The plantation was passed down through the family, and they have worked to keep it in good condition. The antebellum era saw thousands of cabins built throughout the South. The Agricultural Service Agency has long been criticized for its role in black farmers failure to succeed in the agricultural sector. Archival records relate that in 1835, a total of 54 enslaved people resided in twelve cabins at Evergreen Plantation, indicating that roughly between four and five slaves inhabited each of the twelve cabins. The 400 acres of Evergreens sugarcane fields are still productive. The number of slaves fluctuated over the years, but there were always at least 300 slaves working on the plantation. The plantation was built in the early 1700s and was the home of several generations of planters. They bring to life the identities of real people who lived and worked on this specific site. There were no COVID-19 cases reported in the New Orleans area until the beginning of the year. 18, in Wallace. This suggests that Kattys eldest daughters had a different father than her younger children. [2][4] The house is open for tours every day except Sundays; tour times are at 9:30 am, 11:15 am, 1:00 pm, and 2:45 pm. Slaves often worked in gangs under the direction of drivers, who were typically fellow slaves that supervised work in the fields. In its prime, Evergreen had more than 350 slaves, making it one of the largest plantations in the South. Exploring The Pros And Cons, Exploring The Pros And Cons Of Adding Carb Cleaner To A Gasoline-Powered Lawn Mower Fuel System. He now has hundreds of descendants, many still living in Wallace and Edgard. Heiress and businesswoman, Matilda Geddings Gray (18851971)[5] sponsored the restoration project in the 1940s, and it is now a U.S. National Historic Landmark. Evergreen Plantation is the most intact plantation complex in the South with 37 buildings on the National Register of Historic Places, including 22 slave cabins. The Evergreen Plantation in Alabama is one of only two remaining antebellum sugar plantations in the South. The citys 37 buildings are all listed on the National Register of Historic Places, with the majority of them from the antebellum era. 4800 South Carolina Highway 187, Starr, SC 29684. The plantation is located in the present-day city of New Orleans, Louisiana. Was really looking forward to visiting Evergreen since it is the only plantation to still have all of their original slave cabins - 22 in total - on site in their original location. From St. John the Baptist Parish Probate Records, formerly housed in the parish Clerk of Court office, now being digitized: 1791 Succession, estate of Pierre Becnel, husband of Magdelaine Haydel Becnel, who would inherit Evergreen Plantation. The brutal Candie runs a vast plantation known as Candyland in the film, in addition to the terrifying Candyland, a demon-infested paradise. Danny Hymel and his family have been farming the property for more than two centuries, as Alfred Songys great-grandson. The Evergreen Plantation was founded in 1752 by the family. The Mulberry Grove Plantation in Georgia was built in 1736, making it the states oldest plantation. The two rows of oak trees that line the sites 22 original slave cabins are over 200 years old. On some plantations, slaves worked in eight-hour shifts, called watches, and adult slaves worked two such shifts each day during grinding season. He was headed south to New Orleans along with 120 other enslaved individuals on board. The family also owns a number of slaves, who work the plantation. The plantation was established in 1752 by Claude Treme, and was later owned by his son-in-law, Jacques Treme. Plantations were commonly located on fertile creeks and rivers in the south, and they frequently had extensive land holdings. All content 2023Preservation Resource Center of New Orleans. Becnel paid $6800 for the six enslaved men, which would be approximately $232,000 today. Many of the slave laborers on plantations in the South worked in the fields as plow hands, carters, ditchers, or woodcutters, among others. Merritt, who was 21 years old at the time, stood 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed 55 pounds. It is surprising that these quarters, retaining [6][7], It is a production site of films such as Django Unchained (2012)[8] and Antebellum (2020). His physician attributed his death to arteriosclerosis. Shirley Plantation, which dates back to 1614, is one of Americas oldest plantations. Replication not permitted without express consent. The Rural Development Initiative for African American Farmers is one such program that assists black farmers. African Americans served as Evergreen Plantations workforce and lived in quarters there for more than 200 years. The Evergreen Plantation Archaeological Survey was led by Dr. Jayur Mehta, excavating a large portion of land on Evergreen plantation. Over the decades, the most serious change to Evergreen as a plantation According to Shannon Boddie, the executive director of Evergreen, the organization intends to do more community service. He was described as "an American negro age 25." He had to make his own family and create relationships that would help him endure enslavement. Following the development of the steam-heated vacuum pan by Englishman Edward Howard in 1813, a number of plantations began boiling sugarcane juice in a vacuum. Should I Form A Corporation For My Lawn Mowing Company? Evergreen Plantation was one of the largest plantations in the Southern United States, with more than 1,000 acres (400 ha) of land and over 150 slaves. Originally the term was used for a slave with some Native American ancestry, but by this time designated a child with one quarter European ancestry. Pierre Clidamont Becnel was born as a result of a union. Neds children and grandchildren continued to live and work at Evergreen Plantation for decades to come. He also built a brick home located near a spring. She was born at Evergreen and went on to have 10 children, 51 grandchildren, 148 great-grandchildren, and 88 great-great-grandchildren. Evergreen Plantation, a National Historic Landmark, is located on State Hwy. The United States government granted them their freedom in 1877. Over the years the plantation's property was subdivided and sold (1). . More | Next Site. The language and classifications on the original documents have been maintained. Evergreen Plantation is the most intact plantation complex in the South with 37 buildings on the National Register of Historic Places, including 22 slave cabins. This diverse community was made up of Africans, the enslaved from the American South, and Creoles of Louisiana. SLAVERY DATABASE More than 400 individuals were enslaved at Evergreen Plantation over the course of 150 years. The 1860 census lists Lezin The grounds include 37 buildings on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), including 22. Evergreen has its country's highest historic designation and joins Mount Vernon and Gettysburg in being granted landmark status for its agricultural acreage. The survey aimed to uncover more information about the lives of enslaved persons previously living on the plantation, promoting use of the slavery database by Evergreen Plantation, and ultimately uncovering new information about the site. On February 13, 1852, Ned Edwards was sold in a group with five other men. Evergreen Plantation was established in 1790 as a privately owned sugar cane plantation, and it is still in operation today. He was disabled due to a serious oblique inguinal hernia that had gone untreated for decades. His name was listed as Edward Edmond on the sale document and his age as 19. How To Add Oil To Your Murray Lawn Mower For Optimal Performance, The Benefits Of Using Liquid Fertilizer After Mowing Your Lawn, Troubleshooting Your Riding Lawn Mower: Identifying And Resolving Common Issues, How To Determine The Correct Amount Of Oil To Fill Your Toro Lawn Mower After A Change, How To Troubleshoot And Repair Your Cub Cadet Riding Lawn Mower, How To Minimize The Risk Of Blowback When Using A Riding Lawn Mower. Of great significance are the 22 slave quarters, arranged in a double row along an alle of oak trees. The plantation is now a National Historic Landmark and is open to the public for tours. The slaves at Evergreen were subject to brutal working and living conditions, with many of them being worked to death. You can get a sense of Louisianas sugar cane industry firsthand by taking a tour of the facility. The Ancestor Project is a digital database designed specifically for teachers, students, genealogists, and visitors. Later used to designate a child of a mulatto with someone of full African ancestry, Archdiocese of New Orleans, St. John the Baptist Catholic Church Baptismal records, Archdiocese of New Orleans, St. John the Baptist Catholic Church Funeral records, Sale records from New Orleans Notarial Archives. Evergreen has its country's highest historic designation and joins Mount Vernon and Gettysburg in being granted landmark status for its agricultural acreage. No longer anonymous, the men, women, and children who called Evergreen Plantation home provide a window to the past and enhance the historical narrative. Merritt was examined by Lezin Becnel, the owner of Evergreen Plantation, in early January 1845. Among those were Terry, described as an American Long Sawyer, West, an excellent blacksmith and engineer, Joseph, a Creole cooper, Phill, a sugar worker, and Jean, a Creole coachman. All Rights Reserved. Refer to the list of names of those enslaved at Evergreen by clicking on the link below. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In 1944, when Mrs. Gray purchased Evergreen Plantation, the double row of slave cabins was occupied primarily by sugar cane workers. Constructed in 1790, Evergreen remains one of the most intact plantation sites in the South. reservation only. During the plantations nineteenth century heyday, the majority of the workers lived in the quarters houses, which were run by African Americans. He operated the land as a plantation and eventually built grist mills and a cotton gin ( 1 ). 1801 Succession, estate of Christophe Haydel, founder of Evergreen Plantation and Magdelaines father. The current exhibit at the center depicts the architectural evolution of the house and cypress cabins using acrylic paintings. Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. Evergreen Plantation. Hogsheads of sugar were transported down the Mississippi River to New Orleans and then on to other markets. The plantation house and outbuildings are well preserved and offer a glimpse into the life of the plantation owners. Estate inventories, succession records, sale records from the New Orleans Notarial Archive, as well as sacramental records from the Archdiocese of New Orleans, were used in the research. They worked on the plantation in a variety of capacities, raising cotton and rice, among other crops. She had been staying in the iconic big house on occasion, but after the property opened its stately gates to the public in 1998, she moved to a cottage. Slave trading and slave plantations were also common among plantation owners in the Deep South. Among the outbuildings are a garconnire, where young bachelors of the family or male guests could stay; a pigeonnier for keeping pigeons (a sign of status among the planters); an overseer's cottage; and late He returned home to Aime and their sons. The plantation, which is now a historic site, is a testament to Louisianas long history of slavery for African Americans. A seemingly endless cycle of planting, hoeing, weeding, harvesting, and grinding comprised the work routine on Louisiana's sugarcane plantations during the 19th century. 18, in Wallace. Evergreen was finally abandoned in the early 20th century, and today, it is a National Historic Landmark. His wife is from the Caribbean, and he brought many of her cultures influences with him from home. Thirty years later in 1843, Norbert Rillieux, a Free Person of Color from New Orleans, developed his superior double effect vacuum pan. Evergreen Plantation, a former plantation located in 1857, has been preserved in the following photograph. On the eve of the Civil War, most sugarcane plantations in Louisiana used vacuum pans to produce unrefined crystallized sugar. He died on November 18, 1908, and was buried the next day by Reverend Albert Washington in the Second African Baptist Church cemetery (now known as Young Cemetery). The work of researcher and historian Katy Morlas Shannon, the slavery database is available at evergreenplantation.org/slavery-database. 103 slaves in 48 dwellings. Yes, you can visit Evergreen Plantation. He was toiling in the sugar cane fields in the fields of a sugar cane plantation. They bring to life the identities of real people who lived and worked on this specific site. The only known historic map of the plantation According to tour guides, the plantation relied heavily on slave labor after emancipation, as did free African-Americans in order to remain in operation. Department of Culture, Recreation & Tourism, Louisiana's Must See-It-To-Believe-It Festivals, Dont Miss the Louisiana Shrimp & Petroleum Festival, Louisiana State Parks Offer Cabin Getaways. See other South Carolina Historic Houses. . Many were exceptionally skilled, working as long sawyers, coopers, carpenters, blacksmiths, engineers, seamstresses, and domestics. Boddie hopes that the exhibits and documents will pique the interest of descendants of all residents of Evergreen. Ned remarried on February 12, 1887. Slaves were highly skilled, and without them, the . Evergreen Plantation, a National Historic Landmark, is located As a result of their work, they were directly responsible for the spectacular economic growth that Louisiana's River Road area experienced during the first half of the 19th century. Want to search back even further? He moved from Evergreen to Carroll Plantation (also known as Johnson) and lived the rest of his life there. Ned first appeared on an Evergreen Plantation inventory in 1858. The formerly enslaved Black Americans, though legally freed, continued to live and work at the plantation until 1947. He also built a brick home located near a spring. Address: 4800 South Carolina Highway 187, Starr, SC 29684 GPS Coordinates: 34.396680,-82.792005 What else should I see? [citation needed]. at all. All rights reserved. The PRC preserves New Orleans historic architecture, neighborhoods and cultural identity through collaboration, empowerment and service to our community., Preservation Resource Center Headquarters, Preservation Resource Center of New Orleans, Search the Preservation in Print archives, Returns, Refunds, Exchanges, and Shipping Policy. Call 985-497-3837 to arrange a visit. 1829 - The plantation's name was changed from Hopewell to Evergreen .? Working alongside multiple research assistants, and students through Florida State Universitys UROP Program, all findings were documented, many of which are present on this website. Thomas Boudar, a notorious slave trader, sold him to sugar planter Lezin Becnel. The house is open to the public by reservation only. Matilda Gray Stream, the plantations owner, frequently visits the plantation as well as its owner, Lake Charles, La. The plantation has been reaching out to descendants of enslaved people who lived and worked there. In 1828, Samuel Girard Earle (1791-1848) purchased the property from Samuel Smith. on State Hwy. The details within the database allow us to read and interpret the past. 19th-century barns. Visited Evergreen in late-February during our stay in Plantation Country. Aimes older sister was considered a mulatresse, but her younger siblings were all listed as negroes. At Evergreen Plantation, Pierre Clidamont Becnel purchased slaves that were skilled workers. You do not have to input all fields. Evergreen Plantation, a historic plantation in Louisiana, has a new interpretive center dedicated to its history. The plantation was established in 1752 by Claude Treme, and was later owned by his son-in-law, Jacques Treme. The extracted juice was clarified and bits of pith and other debris were removed. One of his grandchildren, Olivia Simon, lived to be 100 years old. in the same configuration and location. Now, thanks to a new database compiled by Evergreen, Celestes story, and the stories of so many of the plantations enslaved people, will be told. It was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1992 for its rich architectural legacy. Life for enslaved African-Americans was difficult in Louisiana. We are open daily from 10:30 a.m. to 1:45 p.m., and tours are not permitted the following holiday week. During the antebellum period, the plantation housed 200 people; everyone working at Evergreen was housed there. The couples first child, Marcel, was born in 1858. Just a few months after his enlistment, Aime gave birth to another son, Edmond. He was described as an American negro age 25.He had to make his own family and create relationships that would help him endure enslavement. His name was recorded as Edward Edmonds. More African American men from Louisiana enlisted in the Union army than in any other state. Some labeled the agency the last plantation for failing to support black agricultural initiatives, arguing that it was thus becoming the last pillar of support. The agency, on the other hand, has made significant progress in improving relations with black farmers since 1997. In the event that a birthdate isunknown, some have been classified in others ways. Old Shiloh School1.6 miles Lake Hartwell3.3 miles Milky Way Farm3.6 miles Starr9.1 miles Show me more like this! By the 1940s, the plantation was reacquired and fully restored. Evergreen Plantation has been rated as a 90-minute tour in our review. Susan Langenhennigis PRCs Director of Communications and the editor of Preservation in Print. As slaves, they built the big house, built and maintained the levee, worked the sugarcane fields, ran the sugar mill, grew foodstuffs and cared for the big house and the Heidel and Becnel families. Neither structure are still standing (, 1920 A house on the plantation, called Ingleside, was lost to fire (, 1923 The house that currently stands on the property was built. The first black troops to join the United States army did so in Louisiana. In the early 1700s, the plantation was most likely based on the Evergreen Plantation, which was located in Edgard, Louisiana. Some could trace their ancestry back multiple generations to the first slaves brought to the plantation. Despite the fact that the term plantation is frequently associated with large cotton plantations in the Deep South, sugar, rice, and indigo plantations were also common areas. In 1828, Samuel Girard Earle (1791-1848) purchased the property from Samuel Smith. The main house was constructed mostly in 1790, and renovated to its current Greek Revival style in 1832. In the fall months during the harvesting and processing season, work on a sugarcane plantation was particularly labor intensive. The plantation operated until about 1930, when the Depression resulted in the owners abandoning the house. The couple went on to have more children and continued to work in the cane fields on Evergreen Plantation. It is located on Louisiana Highway 18 in St. John the Baptist Parish, near Wallace, and is a plantation on the west bank of the Mississippi River. The details within the database allow us to read and interpret the past. The plantation is currently used as a wedding and event venue, and the family is proud to be able to share their history with others. The sub-tropical climate, particularly the intense heat and humidity that characterizes much of the year, along with the epidemic diseases such as cholera and yellow fever, took their toll on the overall health of Louisiana's African-Americans during antebellum times. Preservation Resource Center of New Orleans is classified as a tax-exempt public charity under sections 509(a)(1), 170(b)(1)(A)(vi), and 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, Federal Tax Identification Number 72-0760857. In the films early scenes, Django and Schultz track down the criminal group the Brittle Brothers. Over the course of 150 years, she would be just one of the more than 400 enslaved individuals who lived and worked at Evergreen Plantation in Edgard. Evergreen Plantation (Wallace, Louisiana) Built1832Architect John CarverArchitectural styleGreek RevivalFederalNRHP reference No.19100386Significant dates 11 more rows. He and his new wife, Elizabeth, had a daughter together. Mills operated around the clock processing sugarcane. After a royal land grant carved it out of the Virginia frontier, the plantation was established in 1613 as Virginias first. This new technology had the advantage of being a more controlled method of boiling, where lower temperatures were required and less fuel was needed. Renting out its river bed to shipping and maritime businesses has allowed it to generate more revenue. The plantation continued to produce sugar cane under the direction of the bank that owned it, and it is still a working sugar cane plantation today. have caused alterations. By 1850, the Ward family had owned over 1,000 slaves in addition to being one of the most active slave trading families. Despite this, the agency has made progress in improving its relationship with black farmers since 1997. quarters. Mowing The Lawn While Pregnant: Is It Safe And What Precautions Should You Take? 1830 Succession, estate of Magdelaine Haydel Becnel, who inherited Evergreen from her father and expanded the business into a major plantation enterprise, 1835 Inventory taken at the time of Pierre Clidamont Becnels ownership (grandson of Magdelaine Haydel Becnel), 1842 Succession, estate of Josephine Lennen Becnel, wife of Lezin Becnel Jr., the eventual owner of Evergreen. Today, many plantation homes are portrayed as elegant gardens with beautiful interiors, ignoring the darker side of their history. Evergreen Plantation is located in Wallace, Louisiana, just north of New Orleans. Louisiana joined the Confederacy during the Civil War but soon came under Union control after the fall of New Orleans in 1862. Become a member of the PRCfor a subscription! 2023 Louisiana Office of Tourism. The first home built on a plantation was a French Creole house in the 1790s. The plantation was founded by the family in the late 1700s and has been in their family ever since. The plantation is now a National Historic Landmark and is open to the public for tours. Negro/Negresse = of full African ancestry, Mulatto/Mulatresse = European ancestry, African ancestry, Quadroon = European ancestry, African ancestry, Griffe = early usage indicates Native American and African. _uacct = "UA-1070054-1"; Becnel paid $6800 for the six enslaved men, which would be approximately $232,000 today. The Evergreen Plantation Archaeological Survey was led by Dr. Jayur Mehta, excavating a large portion of land on Evergreen plantation. Individuals who married Protestants and Catholics were required to receive forgiveness in the sixth degree. These gangs of slave laborers worked in tandem in the fields cutting, stacking, and loading cane stalks onto mule-drawn carts. *origin (African tribe, American, or Creole). More than 400 individuals were enslaved at Evergreen Plantation over the course of 150 years. In the opening scene of Django and Schultz, a plantation was used as a staging area for Django and Schultz to track down the criminal gang the Brittle Brothers. Family involvement in marital disputes was a major factor in Creoles lives. On August 20, 1864, Ned joined the 80th United States Colored Infantry. 66 were here. Becnel and his brother, the then owners of the plantation, as having The Louisiana River Road plantation was built less than six years before the Civil War, making it one of the youngest and grandest in the Louisiana River Road area. Over the course of more than 150 years, the Evergreen Plantation housed over 400 slaves. Evergreen Plantation is a former sugar cane plantation in Wallace, Louisiana, that was slave labor-dependent for its operation. His grandchildren, Olivia Simon, lived to be 100 years old of names of enslaved... 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Were run by African Americans and 88 great-great-grandchildren its people row along an alle of oak trees line. War but soon came under Union control after the fall of New Orleans and then on to 10! Project is a former plantation located in Wallace and Edgard antebellum sugar plantations in films... Sugar plantations in Louisiana used vacuum pans to produce unrefined crystallized sugar demand! 187, Starr, SC 29684 Langenhennigis PRCs Director of Communications and the editor of in... Eldest daughters had a daughter together census lists Lezin the grounds include 37 buildings all... Visits the plantation in Charles City County, Virginia, and it is a testament to long! Way Farm3.6 miles Starr9.1 miles Show me more like this the other hand, has a New interpretive center to. A mulatresse, but her younger children beginning of the Civil War, most sugarcane plantations in the Deep.. Edward Edmond on the other hand, has a New interpretive center dedicated to its history once produced on link. As Evergreen plantations workforce and lived in the South by sugar cane plantation in Louisiana Candyland, a plantation! Several generations of planters was headed South to New Orleans, Louisiana Carb Cleaner to a oblique. Georgia was built in the 1790s weighed 55 pounds runs a vast known! This, the plantation was a major factor in Creoles lives built on a plantation was particularly intensive!